A Review on Lactic Acidosis in Cardiac Surgery

P. Nithyakala; N. Dharsshini; S. Dhivya Bharathi; S. Hamsavarthini; N. Indhu Malini

P. Nithyakala Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to the Dr. M.G.R. Medical University)
N. Dharsshini Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to the Dr. M.G.R. Medical University)
S. Dhivya Bharathi Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to the Dr. M.G.R. Medical University)
S. Hamsavarthini Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to the Dr. M.G.R. Medical University)
N. Indhu Malini Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India (Affiliated to the Dr. M.G.R. Medical University)

Keywords: Lactic acidosis, hyperlactatemia, cardiac surgery, tissue hypoxia

Abstract

The normal range of lactate is 0-2mmol/L and value above it is considered as hyperlactatemia. It may arise due to adequate and non-adequate oxygen supply mechanisms. The major reason is likely stress–induced aerobic mechanism which shows raised results of lactate. Increased lactate levels can cause acidifying effects on the blood. There are many etiological reasons for lactic acidosis like disease condition, deficiency and alcohol. Early and late onset are two categorizations for patient with hyperlactatemia after cardiac surgery. On being the major trigger factor for lactic acidosis in cardiopulmonary surgery patients due to tissue hypoperfusion. So preventive measures before cardiac surgery should be taken.