SITAGLIPTIN: PROMISING HOPE OF PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Gaurav Sharma; Sunil kumar; Indu bala; Harikesh meena

Gaurav Sharma Department of pharmacology , Shoolini university, Solan.[H.P]
Sunil kumar Department of pharmacology , Shoolini university, Solan.[H.P]
Indu bala Department of pharmacology , Shoolini university, Solan.[H.P]
Harikesh meena Department of pharmacology , Shoolini university, Solan.[H.P]

Keywords: Sitagliptin, Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitor, Incretin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease, accounting for about 90% to 95 % of all diagnosed cases of diabetes. It is estimated that diabetes currently affects million people worldwide. This figure is expected to rise to over 330 million by 2030 . It is a syndrome of disordered metabolism associated with hyperglycaemia due to either deficiency of insulin secretion, decreased release or reduction in biological effectiveness of insulin due to development of resistance by insulin receptors. In type 2 diabetes, the body does not produce enough insulin or the cells ignore the insulin. Over time, high blood sugar levels can increase the risk for serious complications, including heart disease, blindness, nerve damage and kidney damage. so new oral hypoglycemic drug that can control blood glucose with fewer adverse effects in patients with diabetes may be welcomed. Sitagliptin is the first and only prescription medication in a new class of oral antihyperglycemic agents, which enhance the body's own ability to lower blood glucose when it is elevated. This article gives an overview of the mechanism of action, the pharmacology, and the clinical efficacy and safety of sitagliptin in type 2 diabetes therapy.